8313. saraph
Lexical Summary
saraph: to burn
Original Word: שָׂרַף
Transliteration: saraph
Phonetic Spelling: (saw-raf')
Part of Speech: Verb
Short Definition: to burn
Meaning: to be, on fire
Strong's Concordance
cause to, make a burning, up kindle, utterly

A primitive root; to be (causatively, set) on fire -- (cause to, make a) burn((-ing), up) kindle, X utterly.

Brown-Driver-Briggs

H8313. saraph

שָׂרַף117 verb burn (70 t. + בָּאֵשׁ‎, 2 t. + בְּמוֺאֵֿשׁ‎) (Late Hebrew (rare) = Biblical Hebrew; Assyrian šarâpu; Aramaic שְׂרַף‎ (rare); is absorb, consume); —

Qal Perfect3masculine singular ׳שׂJoshua 11:9 +, 3 feminine singular suffix שְׂרָפָ֫חַםIsaiah 47:14, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יִשְׂרֹףNumbers 19:5 2t., more often וַיִּשְׂרֹףExodus 32:20 +, 2 masculine plural תִּשְׂרְפוּןDeuteronomy 7:5 2t.; Infinitive absolute שָׂרוֺף2 Samuel 23:7; construct שְׂרֹףJeremiah 36:25 +; suffix שָׂרְפוֺJudges 9:52; Amos 2:1; Participle active שׂרֵףLeviticus 16:28; Numbers 19:8, plural שׂרְפִים2 Kings 17:31; passive masculine plural שְׂרֻפִיםNumbers 17:4; feminine singular שְׂרוּפָה1 Samuel 30:3, שְׂרֻפָהPsalm 80:17, plural שְׂרוּפוֺתNehemiah 3:24, construct שְׂרֻפוֺתIsaiah 1:7; — burn (59 t. + בָּאֵשׁ‎, 2 t. + בְּמוֺאֵֿשׁ‎):

1 in making bricks, + לִשְׂרֵפָהGenesis 11:3 (J; object omitted).

2. a. with accusative of thing, usually to destroy, e.g. door Judges 9:52, house 12:1; 1 Kings 16:18 (both with עַל‎ person), Jeremiah 39:8 11t., compare passive participle Nehemiah 3:24, city Joshua 6:24; 1 Samuel 30:1, 14 16t., compare passive participle 30:3; Isaiah 1:7, chariots Joshua 11:6, 9; 2 Kings 23:11; Psalm 46:10 (subject ׳י‎), idols, etc., Exodus 32:20 (accusative omitted), Deuteronomy 9:21 10t., roll Jeremiah 36:25, 27, 28, 29, 32, wood Isaiah 44:16, 19 (both + בְּמוֺאֵֿשׁ‎), compare Psalm 80:17 (figurative), Jeremiah 51:32, hair Ezekiel 5:4; bones, to lime (as outrage) Amos 2:1; upon altars (in desecration) 1 Kings 13:2; 1Ki 23:16; 1Ki 23:20 2 Chronicles 34:5; bodies, as funeral rite 1 Samuel 31:12 (rare custom, RSSemitic i. 353; 2nd ed. 372; but Klo Bu read יִשְׂמְּדוּ‎ [= ׳יִס‎]; compare BenzArchaeology 163; Ency. Bib. DEAD NowArchaeology i. 188); ׳שׂ‎ as funeral rite also (object omitted, probably spices, compare 2 Chronicles 16:14), with ל‎ person mort. Jeremiah 34:5, + accusative of congnate meaning with verb שְׂרֵפָה2 Chronicles 16:14 (compare שְׂרֵפָה‎); in ceremonial of P (never of burning sacrifice on altar, הִקְטִיר‎, compare הֶעְֶלֶה‎, but) chiefly (14 t.) of consuming refuse, especially unused portions of victims, etc. (to prevent use), and infected objects, Exodus 29:14, 34 +, sometimes לַמַּחֲנֶה מִחוּץLeviticus 4:12 (+ עַעֵָֿצִים‎), 4:21 4:21 4t., etc., compare Ezekiel 43:21; also of burning red heifer (to produce ashes for purification) Numbers 19:5 (twice in verse); 19:3.

b. burn, with accusative of person, (1) as penalty Joshua 7:25 (JE), Judges 14:15; 15:6; Leviticus 20:14, compare Numbers 17:4 (passive participle), so, אֵשׁ‎ subject, Isaiah 47:14, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb שְׂרֵפָהLeviticus 10:6 (P); (2) as sacrifice, Jeremiah 7:31; 19:5; + ל‎ dei Deuteronomy 12:31; 2 Kings 17:31.

Niph`al Imperfect3masculine singular יִשָּׂרֵףJoshua 7:15 +, 3 feminine plural תִּשָּׂרַפְנָהProverbs 6:27, etc.; — be burned (11 t. + בָּאֵשׁ‎): of city Jeremiah 38:17 + 38:23 (read תִּשָּׂרֵף‎ for ᵑ7 ᵑ6 ᵐ5 תִּשְׂרֹף‎ Hi Ew Gf Gie Du), idols, etc., Micah 1:7; 1 Chronicles 14:12; ritually (compare Qal 2 a near the end) Leviticus 4:12; 6:23; 7:17, 19; 13:52; 19:6; of person, as penalty Genesis 38:24 (J), Joshua 7:15 (JE), 2 Samuel 23:7 (poetry), Leviticus 21:9 (H).

Pi`el Participle suffix מְסָֽרְפוֺAmos 6:10 his burner, usually one burning him, but probably burning spices for him, see Dr and compare

Qal above

Pu`al Perfect3masculine singular שֹׂרָ֑ף‎, of goat Leviticus 10:16 it was burnt up (and gone).








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