4941. mishpat
Lexical Summary
mishpat: judgment
Original Word: מִשְׁפָט
Transliteration: mishpat
Phonetic Spelling: (mish-pawt')
Part of Speech: Noun Masculine
Short Definition: judgment
Meaning: a verdict, a sentence, formal decree, divine law, penalty, justice, privilege, style
Strong's Concordance
adversary, ceremony, charge, crime, custom, desert, determination, discretion,

From shaphat; properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, individual or collective), including the act, the place, the suit, the crime, and the penalty; abstractly, justice, including a participant's right or privilege (statutory or customary), or even a style -- + adversary, ceremony, charge, X crime, custom, desert, determination, discretion, disposing, due, fashion, form, to be judged, judgment, just(-ice, -ly), (manner of) law(-ful), manner, measure, (due) order, ordinance, right, sentence, usest, X worthy, + wrong.

see HEBREW shaphat

Brown-Driver-Briggs

H4941. mishpat

מִשְׁמָּט422 noun masculineGenesis 40:13 judgment; — absolute מִשְׁמָּטExodus 21:31 203t., + לְשְִׁ֯מָּטEzekiel 44:24 (but read Kt לִשְׁמֹּט‎ with ᵑ6 ᵑ7 ᵐ5‎ Co and others); construct מִשְׁמַּטExodus 23:6 50t.; suffix מִשְׁמָּטִיIsaiah 40:27 +; מִשְׁמָּטָםJeremiah 49:12 +; מִשְׁמָּטָןNumbers 27:5; plural מִשְׁמָּטִיםJeremiah 4:12 34t.; suffix מִשְׁמָּטֶיךָDeuteronomy 33:10 +, etc.; —

1 judgment:

a. act of deciding a case: ׳מ‎ be-longeth to God Deuteronomy 1:17, is from him Proverbs 16:33; 29:26; הַמּ ׳אֱלֹהֵיMalachi 2:17; מ ׳חשֶׁןExodus 28:15 the pouch of judgment, so 28:29; 28:30 (P); worn on heart of Aaron 28:30 (P); ׳מ צֶדֶקDeuteronomy 16:18; מ ׳הֵבִיןJob 32:9; מ ׳שׁפט1 Kings 3:28; מ ׳עשׂה3:28; (ה)מ ׳דְּבַרDeuteronomy 17:9; 2 Chronicles 19:6; מ ׳רוחIsaiah 28:6; במשׁפטLeviticus 19:15, 35 (H) Deuteronomy 1:17; Proverbs 16:10; 24:23; ׳במ חאוריםNumbers 27:21 (P); למשׁפט35:12; Joshua 20:6 (P) Deuteronomy 17:8; Judges 4:5; 2 Samuel 15:2, 6; 2 Chronicles 19:8; Isaiah 34:5; 41:1; 54:17; 59:11; Habakkuk 1:12; Malachi 3:5; Psalm 9:8; 35:23; 76:10; 122:5; Job 9:19 (Ezekiel 44:24 see above).

b. place, court seat of judgment Deuteronomy 25:1; 1 Kings 7:7; Isaiah 28:6; Ecclesiastes 3:16.

c. process, procedure, litigation before judges: במ ׳הֵבִיאJob 14:3; Ecclesiastes 11:9; 12:14; במ ׳בא‎, with עםIsaiah 3:14; Job 22:4, with אתPsalm 143:2, with יחדוJob 9:32, במ ׳חלד34:23, compare Ezekiel 34:16; Psalm 112:5; plural משׁפטים דבּר‎, with אתlitigate with Jeremiah 1:16; 4:12; 12:1; 39:5 = 52:9, singular מִשְׁמָּט‎ in "" 2 Kings 25:6, by error.

d. case or cause presented for judgment: מ ׳בעלIsaiah 50:8; מ ׳ערךְJob 13:18; 23:4; מ ׳שׁמע1 Kings 3:11; מ ׳שׁפטLamentations 3:59, compare Numbers 27:5 (P) 2 Samuel 15:4.

e. sentence, decision of judgment: משׁפטךָ כן1 Kings 20:40 thus is thy sentence; ומ ׳עתEcclesiastes 8:5-6, time and sentence; מ ׳עלDeuteronomy 17:11 according to the sentence; ׳מ מָוֶת19:6; 21:22; Jeremiah 26:11, 16; ׳מ דמיםEzekiel 7:23, compare Habakkuk 1:4 (twice in verse); Psalm 7:7; 17:2; Ezekiel 23:45; plural only Ezekiel 16:68 נאפות משׁפטֵי‎; Hosea 6:5 read singular בָאוֺד מִשְׁמָּטִי‎ for אוֺר מִשְׁמָּטֶיךָ‎ after ᵑ7 ᵑ6 ᵐ5‎ Ew Hi Che and most modern

f. execution of judgment, in General, מ ׳עשׂה‎, with בֵּיןJeremiah 7:5; Ezekiel 18:8, compare Deuteronomy 32:41; Zephaniah 3:8; with בְּagainst Psalm 119:84; 149:9; ב‎ omitted 9:17; Ezekiel 39:21, ׳מ אל באJeremiah 48:21, מ ׳ברוחIsaiah 4:4, ׳מ מואבJeremiah 48:47, compare Isaiah 53:8; Jeremiah 51:9; Hosea 5:1, 11; 10:4; Job 36:17; plural Isaiah 26:8-9, Ezekiel 5:8; Zephaniah 3:15; Psalm 10:5; in favour of, משׁפטִי עשׂהMicah 7:9; Psalm 9:5; ׳מ לעשׁוקים146:7; מ ׳דין והצילJeremiah 21:12, compare Zechariah 7:9; 8:16; plural Psalm 48:12 = 97:8Psalm 6; Psalm 5; 7= 1 Chronicles 16:12, 14.

g. time of judgment, במ יקומו ׳לִאPsalm 1:5 (late; probably judgment of the resurrection).

2 attribute of the שֹׁפֵט‎, justice, right, rectitude:

a. of God, מ ׳אלהיIsaiah 30:18; מ יַעֲשֶׂה לֹא כָּלהָֿאָרֶץ ׳הֲשֹׁפֵטGenesis 18:25 (J), compare Job 40:8; Deuteronomy 32:4; Psalm 111:7; he loves it 33:5; 37:28; 99:4; ומ ׳צדקHosea 2:21; Psalm 89:15 = 97:2; will not pervert it Job 8:3; 34:12, compare 37:23; כמשׁפטךָPsalm 119:149 ("" חסדךָ‎); רָבָּה תְּהוֺם מִשְׁמָּֽטְךָ36:7 (read singular).

b. of man: מ שֹׁמְרֵי ׳אַשְׁרֵיPsalm 106:8 ("" צדקה‎); the tongue of the wise speaketh ׳מ37:30; so of thoughts ׳מProverbs 12:5; put on ׳מ‎ as robe Job 29:14, chosen 34:4; מ ׳עשׂה‎: God requires that man should do it Micah 6:8; Isaiah 1:17; 56:1, compare 61:8; it is the joy of the righteous Proverbs 21:15; rulers should know it Micah 3:1, compare Proverbs 29:4; wicked ruler מ ׳שׂוֺנֵאJob 34:17; abhors it Micah 3:9, compare Proverbs 19:28; 21:7; 28:5.

3 ordinance promulgated by שֹׁפֵט‎: 1 Samuel 8:9, 11; 10:25 (law of king); Levitical ordinances Leviticus 5:10; 9:16 13t. P, 1 Chronicles 15:13; 24:19; 2 Chronicles 4:7, 20; 8:14; 35:13; Nehemiah 8:18; ומ ׳חקExodus 15:25; Joshua 24:25 (E) 1 Samuel 30:25, compare Psalm 81:5; מ ׳חקתNumbers 27:11; 35:29 (P); divine law in General ׳מ יהוהJeremiah 8:7; אלהים ׳מIsaiah 58:2; Jeremiah 5:4-5, ("" דֶּרֶךְ‎), compare Psalm 25:9; "" תורהIsaiah 42:4; 51:4; Ezra 7:10; compare Zephaniah 2:3; Psalm 119:43; 119:160; plural of particular ordinances Deuteronomy 33:10, 21 (poem), Isaiah 58:2; Ezekiel 44:24; Psalm 19:10; 119:7 16t., 147:20.

4 decision of the שֹׁפֵט‎ in a case of law (see BrHexateuch 252 sq.): singular of particular decision of a case Exodus 21:31 (E); plural of series of decisions 21:1; 24:3 (JE) Deuteronomy 7:12 (D2); in covt. code and D, collection of pentads in conditional or temporal compare, with כּי‎ or אם‎ in D, and subject in combination, ומשׁפטים חקים4:1. 5. 8. 14. 45 +; in code of H and after, in combination ומשׁפטים חקות‎, Leviticus 18:4-5, 26; 19:37 +; (the specific type of these laws in H is כִּי אִישׁ‎, over against כי נפשׁ‎ or כי אדם‎ in code of P, see BrHexateuch 254 f.); other combinations, redactional and later, 26:46; Numbers 36:13; Deuteronomy 30:16; 2 Kings 17:37; 2 Chronicles 33:8; Nehemiah 9:13; Psalm 18:23; 89:31; 147:19.

5 one's (legal) right, privilege, due: ׳מ הַכּהֲנִיםDeuteronomy 18:3 due of the priests, ׳מ הַבְּכֹרָה21:17; הַגְּאֻלָּה ׳מJeremiah 32:7 right of redemption; ׳מ הַיְרֻשָּׁה32:8; מ ׳הִטָּהExodus 23:6 (E) wrest right, so Deuteronomy 16:19; 23:6; 24:17; 27:19; 1 Samuel 8:3; Lamentations 3:35, compare Proverbs 18:5; ׳מ יְתוֺםDeuteronomy 10:18; ׳מ אביוןExodus 23:6 (E) Jeremiah 5:28; Psalm 140:13; עניים׳מIsaiah 10:2; Job 36:6; מ ׳הסיר27:2; 34:5, compare Isaiah 40:27; 49:4.

6. a. proper, fitting, measure 1 Kings 5:8; fitness Isaiah 28:26; 40:14 (of fitness in the order of nature; compare Di).

b. custom, manner: ׳מ הכהנים1 Samuel 2:13 custom of the priests (rightful due, according to Th We Dr and most); מִשְׁמָּטוֺ27:11 his (David's) custom; הגוים ׳מ2 Kings 17:33 manner of the nations, compare 17:26-27, (Rssem. 1, 24, 2nd ed. 23); ׳כמafter the manner, custom, fashion (of) Genesis 40:13; Exodus 21:9 (E) Judges 18:7; 1 Kings 18:28; 2 Kings 11:14; 17:34; 1 Chronicles 6:17; Ezekiel 42:11; Psalm 119:132.

c. משׁפט מהJudges 13:12 what manner of a boy, compare 2 Kings 1:7.

d. plan . . . of the tabernacle Exodus 26:30 (P); temple 1 Kings 6:38; palace Jeremiah 30:18.








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