3772. karath
Lexical Summary
karath: to cut off, cut down
Original Word: כָּרַת
Transliteration: karath
Phonetic Spelling: (kaw-rath')
Part of Speech: Verb
Short Definition: to cut off, cut down
Meaning: to cut, to destroy, consume, to covenant
Strong's Concordance
be chewed, be con-federate, covenant, cut down, off, destroy, fail, feller,

A primitive root; to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e. Make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutting flesh and passing between the pieces) -- be chewed, be con-(feder-)ate, covenant, cut (down, off), destroy, fail, feller, be freed, hew (down), make a league ((covenant)), X lose, perish, X utterly, X want.

Brown-Driver-Briggs

H3772. karath

כָּרַת291 verb cut off, cut down (Late Hebrew id.; Assyrian karâtu, II. hew off DlHWB 357); —

Qal Perfect ׳כGenesis 15:18-19t.; 2 masculine singular כָּרָ֑תָּDeuteronomy 20:20; 1singular כָּרַתִּיExodus 34:27 15t.; + 8 t. Perfect; Imperfect יִכְרֹת‎ Job 40:28 21t.; 2 masculine singular תִּכְרָתֿIsaiah 57:8; 1singular אֶכְרוֺת61:8; 1 Samuel 11:2; אֶכְרְתָהIsaiah 55:3; 3masculine plural יִכְרֹ֑תוּHosea 12:2; Psalm 83:6; 1plural נִכְרְתָהGenesis 26:28; 31:44; suffix נִכְרְתֶנּוּJeremiah 11:19; 31t. Imperfect Imperative כְּרָתֿ1 Samuel 11:1; כָּרְתָה2 Samuel 3:12; 4t. Imperative; Infinitive absolute כָּרֹתHosea 10:4; כָּרוֺתNehemiah 9:8; construct כְּרֹתJeremiah 34:8 2t.; כְּרָתֿIsaiah 44:14 2t.; כְּרוֺת2 Chronicles 2:7; 29:10; suffix כָּרְתִי1 Samuel 24:12; Participle active כֹּרֵתExodus 34:10 3t.; + 3 t. Participle active passive כָּרוּתLeviticus 22:24; construct כְּרוּתDeuteronomy 23:2; plural ת‎[וֺ‎]כְּרֻת1 Kings 7:12 3t.; —

1 cut off :

a. things: with accusative foreskin Exodus 4:25 (J); privy member Leviticus 22:24 (H) Deuteronomy 23:2; cluster of grapes Numbers 13:23-24, (E); bough of tree Judges 9:48-49, skirt 1 Samuel 24:5; 24:6; 24:12; head of man 17:51; 31:9; 2 Samuel 20:22; garments 10:4 = 1 Chronicles 19:4; palms of hands 1 Samuel 5:4; sprigs Isaiah 18:5.

b. persons, with accusative of person מִןlocation Jeremiah 11:19; 50:16.

2 cut down, with accusative tress Deuteronomy 19:5; 20:19-20, 2 Kings 19:23 = Isaiah 37:24; 44:14; Jeremiah 6:6; 10:3; 22:7; 46:23; Ezekiel 31:12; asherim Exodus 34:13 (J) Judges 6:25-26, 30; 1 Kings 15:13 2 Chronicles 15:16; 2 Kings 18:4; 23:14

3 hew, timber 1 Kings 5:20 (twice in verse) = 2 Chronicles 2:7; 2:15; Isaiah 14:8; הָעֵצִים כֹּרְתֵיhewers of timber2 Chronicles 2:9; כְּרֻת(וֺ)תhewn beams 1 Kings 6:36; 7:2, 12;

4 ׳כ בְּרִיתcut, or make a covenant (because of the cutting up and distribution of the flesh of the victim for eating in the sacrifice of the covenants, see בְּרִית‎); כ אֲשֶׁר ׳הָעֵגֶלthe calf which they cut Jeremiah 34:18 (referring to Genesis 15:10); עֲלֵיזֶֿבַחPsalm 50:5; absolute Genesis 21:27, 32; 31:44 (E) 1 Samuel 18:3; 1 Kings 5:26; Hosea 10:4; with אֶתwith Genesis 15:18; Exodus 34:27; Deuteronomy 31:16 (J) 5:3; Deuteronomy 28:69 (twice in verse); 29:13; 2 Samuel 3:12-13, 21; 2 Kings 17:15, 35, 38; Isaiah 28:15; Jeremiah 11:10; 31:31-32, 33; 34:8, 13; Ezekiel 17:13; Zechariah 11:10; Psalm 105:9 = 1 Chronicles 16:16; with עִםGenesis 26:28 (J) Exodus 24:8 (E) Deuteronomy 4:23; 5:2; 9:9; 29:11; 29:24; 1 Kings 8:21 2 Chronicles 6:11; 23:3; Nehemiah 9:8; Hosea 2:20; 12:2; Job 40:28; ׳בְּ‎ omitted 1 Samuel 20:16; 22:8; 1 Kings 8:9 2 Chronicles 5:10; with לְExodus 23:32; 34:12, 15; Joshua 9:6-7, 11, 15, 16; 24:25 (JE) Deuteronomy 7:2; Judges 2:2; 1 Samuel 11:1; 2 Samuel 5:3; 1 Kings 20:34; 2 Kings 11:4; 1 Chronicles 11:3; 2 Chronicles 21:7; 29:10; Ezra 10:3; Isaiah 55:3; 61:8; Jeremiah 32:40; Ezekiel 34:25; 37:26; Job 31:1; Psalm 89:4; ׳בְּ‎ omitted 1 Samuel 11:2; 2 Chronicles 7:18; נֶגֶדExodus 34:10 (J); לִפְנֵי1 Samuel 23:18; 2 Kings 23:3 2 Chronicles 34:31; Jeremiah 34:15, 18; וּבֵין בֵּין2 Kings 11:17; 2 Chronicles 23:16; with עַלagainst, Psalm 83:6; אֲמָנָה‎ is used for בריתNehemiah 10:1; and דָּבָרHaggai 2:5.

Note. — מֵהֶם וַתִּכְרָתלָֿךְIsaiah 57:8 is usually rendered as RV made for thee a covenant with them, with ellipsis of ׳בּ‎ as above. But מִן‎ is not used in such a construction. The clause is commonly regarded as corrupt by recent critics. Gr emends עִמָּהֶם‎ for מֵהֶם‎, this is easiest and gives the usual construction; Du followed by Buhl, reads וַתִּכְרִי‎ after Hosea 3:2.

Niph`al Perfect3masculine singular נִכְרַתJoel 1:5 5t.; נִכְרָ֑ת1:16 2t.; 3 feminine singular נִכְרְתָהGenesis 17:14 16t.; נִכְרָ֑תָהPsalm 37:38; 2masculine singular נִכְרַתָּ‎ Obadiah 10; 8t. Perfect; Imperfect יִכָרֵתGenesis 9:11 21t.; יִכָּֽרֶתֿ‎ Obadiah 9; 3masculine plural יִכָּֽרְתוּZechariah 13:8; יִכָּרֵת֑וּןJoshua 3:13; Psalm 37:9; 9t. Imperfect; Infinitive הִכָּרֵתNumbers 15:31; Psalm 37:34. —

1 be cut off:

a. of things, forward tongue Proverbs 10:31; burden from a nail Isaiah 22:25; chariots Zechariah 9:10; dwelling Zephaniah 3:7.

b. of persons, the people of the land by a famine (בְּ‎) Genesis 41:36 (E); all flesh by waters of deluge (מִמֵּי‎) 9:11 (P); the anointed Daniel 9:26; enemies Isaiah 11:13; Micah 5:8; the wicked Isaiah 29:20; Hosea 8:4; Nahum 2:1; Psalm 37:9; 37:22; 37:28; 37:34; 37:38; Proverbs 2:22; others Obadiah 9, 10; Zephaniah 1:11; Zechariah 13:8; 14:2.

c. in the technical phrases of H and P ההיא הַנֶּפֶשׁ וְנִכְרְתָהthat person shall be cut off (by death penalty) מֵעַמֶּיהָGenesis 17:14; Leviticus 7:20-21, 25, 27; Numbers 9:13; Leviticus 19:8; מִיִּשְׂרָאֵלExodus 12:15; Numbers 19:13; יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵעֲדַתExodus 12:19; עַמֶּיהָ מִקֶּרֶב31:14; Numbers 15:30; (עַמָּהּ‎); מִלְּפָנַיLeviticus 22:3; הַקָּהָל מִתּוֺךְNumbers 19:20; similarly with variation of subject Exodus 30:33, 38; Leviticus 17:4, 9; 18:29; 20:18; 23:29, and with omission of word with מִן17:14; 20:17; Numbers 15:31 (twice in verse).

2 be cut down, a tree Job 14:7.

3 be chewed between the teeth Numbers 11:33 (J).

4 be cut off, in a more General sense, fail: of waters Joshua 3:13, 16 (JE) 4:7 (twice in verse) (D); new wine Joel 1:5; meat 1:16; hope Proverbs 23:18; 24:14; a name Isaiah 48:19; 56:5; Ruth 4:10; a sign Isaiah 55:13; faithfulness Jeremiah 7:28; לְ יִכָּרֵת ׳לֹא אִישׁthere shall not fail thee a man 1 Kings 2:4; 8:25 2 Chronicles 6:16; 1 Kings 9:5 2 Chronicles 7:18; Jeremiah 33:17-18, 35:19; מן יכרת לאthere shall not fail of Joshua 9:23 (J) 2 Samuel 3:29.

Pual Perfect כָּרַּתEzekiel 16:4; 3feminine singular כֹּרָ֑תָהJudges 6:28; —

1 be cut off, navel string Ezekiel 16:4.

2 be cut down, Asherah Judges 6:28.

Hiph`il Perfect הִכְרִית1 Samuel 28:9; 1 Kings 11:16; 3feminine singular הִכְרִיתָהLeviticus 26:22; 1singular הִכְרַתִּיJoshua 23:4 32t.; + 4 t. Perfect; Imperfect יַכְרִיתDeuteronomy 12:29 2t.; jussive יַכְרֵתPsalm 12:4 4t.; 1 singular וָאַכְרִ֫תָה2 Samuel 7:9; 1plural suffix וְנַכְרִיתֶנָּהJeremiah 48:2; 9t. Imperfect; Infinitive הַכְרִית44:8 15t.; הַכְרִת1 Samuel 20:15; + suffix 2t. —

1 cut off, flattering lips Psalm 12:4.

2 cut off, destroy the life of:

a. animals with accusative, cattle Leviticus 26:22 (H); with accusative and מִן‎ frogs Exodus 8:5 (J); horses Micah 5:9; Zechariah 9:10.

b. of men abs. Psalm 109:13, by men, with accusative enemies Judges 4:24; 1 Samuel 24:22; 1 Kings 11:16; 14:14; 18:4; 2 Chronicles 22:7; Isaiah 10:7; Ezekiel 17:17; Obadiah 14; with accusative and מִן‎ enemies Joshua 11:21; Jeremiah 48:2; the wicked Psalm 101:8; a clan Numbers 4:18 (P); young men by death Jeremiah 9:20; people by the sword Nahum 3:15; necromancers 1 Samuel 28:9; the name Joshua 7:9.

c. of men, by God with accucusative. (הַ)גּוֺיִםDeuteronomy 19:1; Joshua 23:4 (D) Zephaniah 3:6; various persons and things Isaiah 48:9; Jeremiah 44:11; 51:62; Ezekiel 25:16; 30:15; Zechariah 9:6; with accusative and מִןEzekiel 25:7; Amos 1:5, 8; 2:3; מֵאֶרֶץ‎ Nahum 2 :14; Psalm 34:17 = 109:15; מִיִּשְׂרָאֵלIsaiah 9:13; מִיַּדMicah 5:11; מִמָּנֶיךָDeuteronomy 12:29; 2 Samuel 7:9 = 1 Chronicles 17:8; הָאֲדָמָה מְּנֵי מֵעַל1 Samuel 20:15; 1 Kings 9:7; Zephaniah 1:3; עַמּוֺ מִקֶּרֶבLeviticus 17:10; 20:3, 5, 6 (H); עַמִּי מִתּוֺךְEzekiel 14:8; Ezekiel says also וּבְהֵמָה אָ֗֗֗דָם ׳הכ מִן14:13, 17, 19, 21; 25:13; 29:8; ורשׁע צדיק21:8; 21:9; ושׁב עבר35:7; with accusative and לְcutt off, to, or from Isaiah 14:22; Jeremiah 44:7-8, 47:4; ׳כ ׳לְ בְּקִיר מַשְׁתִּין1 Kings 14:10; 21:21; 2 Kings 9:8; ׳כ ׳ל מזבח מעם1 Samuel 2:33; י ׳יַכְרֵת יַעֲקֹב מֵאָֽהֳלֵי לָאִישׁMalachi 2:12 may Yahweh cut off to the man — from the tents of Jacob.

3 cut down, destroy, cities Micah 5:10, sun-pillars Leviticus 26:30 (H); and other things used in idolartry Nahum 1:14; Zephaniah 1:4; הארץ מןZechariah 13:2; מִקֶּרֶבMicah 5:12.

4 take away, מֵעִם חֶסֶדkindness from 1 Samuel 20:15.

5 permit to perish, מֵהַבְּהֵמָה‎ (some) of the cattle 1 Kings 18:5.

Hoph`al Perfect י מִבֵּית וָנֶסֶךְ מִנְחָה ׳הָכְרַתJoel 1:9.








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